physiological Emotion
Life without emotion would seem boring . Have you ever
imagined that in life there is no happiness , sadness , anger , hope , hatred ,
jealousy , everything else in life will seem flat and tasted bland . There will
not be many variations of movement , and we are going to have difficulty
interpreting others' behavior . Of course it will take effect on social
interaction . Fortunately, human beings have emotional state and try to
maintain a pleasant situation and avoid or stop the unpleasant circumstances .
Emotional state that later appeared in the form of behavior which can then be
observed by others .
In the context of psychology , we need to distinguish the
feeling ( feeling ) of emotions in everyday language use is often confused .
Circumstances which are not pleasant nor unpleasant that often accompany many
activities we are feeling mild conditions . For example, drinking iced juice on
a hot day so much fun, otherwise wait for orders food for 1 hour or more a
thing that is not fun . It is pleasant or unpleasant that we are talking about
we call affective colors . Mild affective state called feelings ( feelings ) .
The term itself indicates a state of arousal emotions and clearer , wider ,
such as the words of sadness , anger , terror .
According to the Dictionary of Behavioral Science feelings
is defined as : 1 ) an explanation of the subjective awareness of body states (
neural ) which is independent of the events in the individual leingkungan ; 2 )
tactile sensation ; 3 ) aware of something , such as a feeling that we received
environmental and 4) emotions , such as happy , sad , angry , and so on .
Emotion is defined as a complex reaction consisting of the physiological
changes of the state of balance that is subjectively experienced as a feeling
and manifested in the changes in the body and can be expressed in overt action
.
Most psychologists classify emotions into a state of
pleasant ( pleasant ) and that is not pleasant ( unpleasant ) . Unpleasant
circumstances , such as happiness , love , joy and unpleasant circumstances
such as sadness , anger . This classification tends to say the importance of
pleasure and displeasure , acceptance and rejection , approach and avoidance as
basic emotions . In addition to the classification of pleasant and unpleasant
circumstances , there is also a term that states the intensity of emotional
experience . Differences in the intensity shown by the pairs of words such as :
anger -range , fear - horror , pain - agony , sadness - grief .
At the moment we are in an emotional state , there will be
changes in the body / physiological . The indicators include :
1 . Galvanic Skin Response .
At the time the emotions aroused , no electrical changes in
the skin that can be seen . Electrodes placed on the skin ( eg, palms ) are
associated with the galvanometer . GSR is a sensitive indicator of changes in
emotional state .
2 . circulatory
There were changes in blood pressure and changes in the
distribution of blood at the time of emotion . For example : face red with
anger . Change occurs because the blood vessels in the skin dilate and more
blood was found on the surface of the skin . The opposite occurs at a time in a
state of fear .
3 . heartbeat
4 . breath
5 . Response pupils . Pupils dilate in anger or ill or in an
emotional state in general .
6 . Secretion of saliva appears on emotional stimulation ,
for example .
7 . Pilomotor response , is the technical name for goose
pimples that appear when the hair stood up in a state of fear .
8 . Bowel movements . For example, emotional arousal may
cause nausea or diarrhea .
9 . Muscle tension and tremors .
10 . Composition of the blood , associated with endocrine
glands are active during emotional state and put hormones in the blood stream .
Chemical analysis revealed no changes in blood composition , such as changes in
blood sugar , and so on .
Ten indicators above show how vast and level of influence on
the body of emotional stimuli .
Physiological mechanisms in emotion .
Changes in the body that occur during emotionally influenced
interconnected nervous system and the endocrine glands . WB Cannon , Woodworth
& Schlossberg , stating that there is a large group of prominent synapse in
anger to prepare the organism to deal with emergency situations and defend
against attacks and wounds .
A simple example illustrates what happens during emotion
when a cat was eating quietly , suddenly visited by a dog that barks . We can
see the physiological changes that occur , namely : 1 ) the movement to stop
digestion in the stomach , 2) increased blood pressure , and 3 ) a heightened
heart rate ; 4 ) adrenaline enter the blood stream . Each reaction was governed
sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system . Result of the adrenalin
expenditures are : 1 ) heightened blood pressure , 2) raise blood sugar so lets
act ; 3 ) blood clots occur more quickly . Finally it looks to raise cat backs
and hissed , fur standing and ready for combat . Added sugar in the blood gave
him strength and increase endurance . If the wound , the blood will freeze
faster . If bitten by a cat , a dog likely just got fur .
Cannon called physical response that prepares the organism
to act as emergency reactions . He therefore defines a strong emotional
stimulation as a method to prepare the organism to face emergency situation .
Most reactions mentioned above also exist in humans .
The sympathetic division and the sympathetic nerves often
have ties to the same organs but gave conflicting influences . Stimulation of
the sympathetic system accelerates the heart rate . Stimulation of the
sympathetic system slows the heart rate . From this it can be concluded that
the sympathetic system is activated in an emotional state . This conclusion is
true , for example, good taste and delicious aroma that stimulates gastric
secretion is under the control of the para- sympathetic . But the para-
sympathetic system also plays a role in circumstances that are not pleasant or
aroused state .
Central nervous system is also involved in emotion . Because
of the control of the facial muscles can occur wrinkles on the face as frowning
and grimacing , trembling , muscle tension , and so on . So the central nervous
system and autonomous systems to work together in an emotional statement like
laughing , crying , sexual stimulation . Tears to cry and laugh at the time
controlled autonomous systems and muscles of the face and voice controlled
central nervous system while the second controlled changes in the respiratory
system .
SITI MAISYAROH(12410027).
