Human piaget
Selasa, 03 Desember 2013
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Words that have no human is foreign to our ears all . Because certainly who write , read this article for sure man . Man is experiencing a period of growth from one period to the some cognitive development . Cognitive development specifically focused on changes in ways of thinking , problem solving , memory and intelligence . Human cognition , from the point of view of development , is the result of a series of developmental stages that started since the beginning of the early years of growth at an early stage . Perception , memory , language and thought processes we are controlled by basic genetic structure that we have inherited and which we experience changes in response to environmental demands that arise in a variety of physical and social interaction . Its core , cognition was developed in the form of increased follow regular patterns from infancy to adulthood , and some decline of cognitive abilities in old age . These changes may occur as a result of maturation processes and physical or neurological deterioration individual , family , social environment and environmental education , as well as a result of interaction between individuals with physical changes in the environment . As expressions of Steven Pinker " The parents equip their children with genes and the environment " .
One of Piaget's developmental theory is cognitive . Namely Jean Piaget (1896-1980) , the research and theory – theory the basis for the development of modern psychology . According to Piaget that intellectual growth is biologically determined and regulated by two processes namely :
1 ) Adaptation of cognitive adaptation to the environment include the assimilation and accommodation . Assimilation is the process of obtaining information from the outside and assimilation with our previous knowledge and behavior . Meanwhile, the accommodation includes a process of change ( adaptation ) long scheme to process information and new objects in their environment .
2 ) Organizations that include increased mental representations of complex and terntegrasi . The characteristics of cognitive development is quantitative , linear changes in a stage , and there is qualitative changes across four major phases , namely :
1 ) sensorimotor stage ( from birth to age 2 years ) is characterized by progressive interkoordinasi phase of the scheme becomes more complex and integrated .
2 ) Pre - operational ( 2-7 years old ) child behavior change of the dependency action towards the utilization of mental representations in the tau actions are usually called thinking .
3 ) Concrete Operational ( 7-11 years of age ) is an important step in the refinement of the three domains of intellectual growth are: conservation , classification , and transitivity .
4 ) formal operational ( adolescence and adulthood ) on the mark with the child's ability to formulate hypotheses and her test against reality .
Although the theory of Piaget is indeed very influential , but Piaget 's theory is not free from various challenges . One of is evidence that indicated jean Mandler . Mandler proposes that the ability to think far more extensive than Piaget proposed . There is evidence that suggests there is perceptual conceptualization at an early age . There is an experimental example of the 1 -month -old baby was given a pacifier with a smooth surface . After the baby was familiar with the dot , without looking at the dot is taken . But later , the baby was shown two different kinds of pacifiers . Babies spend more time staring at the dot for which they feel in the mouth before. These findings support the view that infants successfully completed some of the central processes of the two patterns similar information . According to Mandler , the child may have exceptional logical operation , much earlier than envisaged by Piaget . Other processes also need to be scrutinized in connection with special competence in children . However , supporters argue that Piaget's research - the study only shows that prses - processes that determine basic cognitive enhancement appears earlier than previously known . Basic operational scheme and the basic sequence of progressive integration and coordination remains the most asuk reasonable explanation about cognitive growth in children , although the basic principles of this opposition .
A bit much we do know that the researchers would put forward a lot of different theories , but these theories can certainly achieve real results that we can believe as we 've been able to prove or visualize with own it . maybe a little bit of my writing this we can add to the discourse of cognition that is in us that will continue to evolve over time . do not ever let our cognition in vain without any positive results in our lives today . So , take advantage of our cognition as much as possible .
Reference: Solso, Robert.L, Maclin, & Maclin otto.H, M. Kimberly (2007). Cognitive Psikolgi. Jakarta: publisher grants.
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